1) The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal, leading to the colonization of the Americas.

2) The rise of remote work and digital transformation has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to changes in work dynamics, reliance on digital technologies, and the reimagining of traditional office spaces.

3) The oldest known musical instrument is a flute made from a bird bone, estimated to be around 43,000 years old.

4) The concept of sovereignty refers to the supreme authority and power of a state to govern itself, make decisions, and control its own territory without interference from external forces.